Wide applications of Ruta graveolens L. in pharmaceutical industry has led to increased interest in large-scale plant production, with emphasis on use of in vitro cultures. Earlier reports describe use of in vitro germinated seedlings for raising shoot cultures and not regeneration. There is only a single regeneration protocol of R. graveolens; however, it employs conventional labour intensive techniques deterring automation. The aim of present investigation was to establish a cost effective protocol for large-scale plant production. We report for the first time a one-step protocol with improved regeneration efficiency for multiple shoots induction employing liquid culture systems. Effect of polyamines (putrescine and spermine) on growth and furanocoumarin was studied. Addition of spermine enhanced the number of multiple shoots formed (2.5-fold) and reduced the time taken by half. Spermine addition resulted in 1.47-fold in furanocoumarin production. The selected shoot line, RS2 was successfully scaled up to 5L in culture vessels, with 1.53-fold increase in biomass without affecting the productivity of these cultures. This proves to be a commercially feasible alternative to bioreactors for large-scale biomass and furanocoumarin production.

中文翻译：

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使用液体培养系统扩大微繁芸香枝条的新技术：迈向商业化的一步

Ruta Graveolens L. 在制药工业中的广泛应用导致对大规模植物生产的兴趣增加，重点是使用体外培养物。早先的报告描述了使用体外发芽的幼苗来提高枝条培养物而不是再生。R.graveolens 只有一个再生方案；然而，它采用了传统的劳动密集型技术，阻碍了自动化。目前调查的目的是为大规模工厂生产建立一个具有成本效益的协议。我们首次报告了采用液体培养系统的多芽诱导再生效率提高的一步方案。研究了多胺（腐胺和精胺）对生长和呋喃香豆素的影响。添加精胺增加了形成的多枝的数量（2。5 倍）并减少了一半的时间。添加精胺导致呋喃香豆素产量增加 1.47 倍。选定的茎系 RS2 在培养容器中成功放大到 5L，生物量增加了 1.53 倍，而不会影响这些培养物的生产力。这被证明是用于大规模生物质和呋喃香豆素生产的生物反应器的商业上可行的替代方案。