Cladophialophora carrionii is one of the four major etiologic agents of human chromoblastomycosis in semi-arid climates. This species was studied using sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA, the partial beta-tubulin gene and an intron in the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene, in addition to morphology. With all genes a clear bipartition was observed, which corresponded with minute differences in conidiophore morphology. A new species, C. yegresii, was introduced, which appeared to be, in contrast to C. carrionii, associated with living cactus plants. All strains from humans, and a few isolates from dead cactus debris, belonged to C. carrionii, for which a lectotype was designated. Artificial inoculation of cactus plants grown from seeds in the greenhouse showed that both fungi are able to persist in cactus tissue. When reaching the spines they produce cells that morphologically resemble the muriform cells known as the "invasive form" in chromoblastomycosis. The tested clinical strain of C. carrionii proved to be more virulent in cactus than the environmental strain of C. yegresii that originated from the same species of cactus, Stenocereus griseus. The muriform cell expressed in cactus spines can be regarded as the extremotolerant survival phase, and is likely to play an essential role in the natural life cycle of these organisms.

中文翻译：

---

卡氏刚毛藻复合体的分子分析和致病性，以及新物种的描述。


Cladophialophora carrionii 是半干旱气候下人类染色芽生菌病的四种主要病原体之一。除了形态学之外，还使用 ​​rDNA 的内部转录间隔区、部分 β-微管蛋白基因和翻译延伸因子 1-α 基因中的内含子的序列数据对该物种进行了研究。所有基因都观察到明显的二分，这与分生孢子梗形态的微小差异相对应。引入了一个新物种 C. yegresii，与 C. carrionii 相比，它似乎与活仙人掌植物有关。所有来自人类的菌株，以及一些从死仙人掌碎片中分离出来的菌株，都属于 C. carrionii，并为其指定了选型。对温室中种子生长的仙人掌植物进行人工接种表明，这两种真菌都能够在仙人掌组织中持续存在。当到达刺时，它们产生形态上类似于胞状细胞的细胞，被称为染色芽生菌病中的“侵袭性形式”。事实证明，所测试的 C. carrionii 临床菌株对仙人掌的毒性比源自同一仙人掌物种（Stenocereus griseus）的环境菌株 C. yegresii 更强。仙人掌刺中表达的胞状细胞可被视为极端耐受生存阶段，并且可能在这些生物体的自然生命周期中发挥重要作用。