The morphological concept of Trichoderma koningii is found to include several species that differ from each other in details of phenotype (including conidium morphology, growth rate) and biogeography. Phylogenetic analysis utilizing partial sequences of the translation-elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1), as well as fragments of actin and calmodulin genes, indicate that phenotypic characters typical of T. koningii evolved independently in three well-separated main lineages. Combined molecular and phenotype data lead to the development of a taxonomy with the recognition of twelve taxonomic species and one variety within the three lineages. These lineages include: (1) T. koningii and T. ovalisporum and the new species T. caribbaeum var. caribbaeum, T. caribbaeum var. aequatoriale, T. dorotheae, T. dingleyae, T. intricatum, T. koningiopsis, T. petersenii and T. taiwanense; (2) the new species T. rogersonii and T. austrokoningii, and (3) the new anamorph T. stilbohypoxyli.Trichoderma koningii s. str. is an uncommon species restricted to Europe and eastern North America; T. caribbaeum var. aequatoriale, T. koningiopsis, and T. ovalisporum were isolated as endophytes of trunks of Theobroma species in tropical America, and T. ovalisporum from the woody liana Banisteropsis caapi in Ecuador; T. koningiopsis is common in tropical America but was isolated also from natural substrata in East Africa, Europe and Canada, and from ascospores in eastern North America, and as an endophyte in Theobroma species; T. stilbohypoxyli, originally described as a parasite of Stilbohypoxylon species in Puerto Rico, is found to be more common in the tropics, besides an endophytic isolate from Fagus in U.K. The additional new species are known almost exclusively from their teleomorphs. Isolates of T. ovalisporum and T. koningiopsis may have biological control potential. A morphophenetic key and a set of tools for molecular species identification were developed.

中文翻译：

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科宁木霉聚合物种。

发现科宁木霉的形态学概念包括几个在表型（包括分生孢子形态、生长速率）和生物地理学细节上彼此不同的物种。利用翻译延伸因子 1 α (tef1) 的部分序列以及肌动蛋白和钙调蛋白基因的片段进行的系统发育分析表明，T. koningii 的典型表型特征在三个分离良好的主要谱系中独立进化。结合分子和表型数据导致分类法的发展，该分类法可识别三个谱系中的十二个分类物种和一个变种。这些谱系包括： (1) T. koningii 和 T.ovalisporum 以及新物种 T. caribbaeum var. caribbaeum, T. caribbaeum var. aequatoriale, T. dorotheae, T. dingleyae, T. intricatum, T. koningiopsis, T. petersenii 和 T. taiwanense；(2) 新种 T. rogersonii 和 T. austrokoningii，以及 (3) 新的无性型 T. stilbohypoxyli.Trichoderma koningii s。海峡 是一种罕见的物种，仅限于欧洲和北美东部；T. caribbaeum 变种 aequatoriale、T. koningiopsis 和 T.ovalisporum 被分离为热带美洲的 Theobroma 物种的树干的内生菌，以及来自厄瓜多尔木质藤本植物 Banisteropsis caapi 的 T.ovalisporum；T. koningiopsis 在热带美洲很常见，但也从东非、欧洲和加拿大的天然基质以及北美洲东部的子囊孢子中分离出来，并作为可可菌属物种的内生菌；T. stilbohypoxyli 最初被描述为波多黎各 Stilbohypoxylon 物种的寄生虫，除了来自英国 Fagus 的内生分离物外，在热带地区更常见 额外的新物种几乎完全是从它们的有形生物中得知的。T.ovalisporum 和 T.koningiopsis 的分离物可能具有生物控制潜力。开发了一个形态表键和一套用于分子物种鉴定的工具。