The use of chlorophyll fluorescence to monitor photosynthetic performance in algae and plants is now widespread. This review examines how fluorescence parameters can be used to evaluate changes in photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, linear electron flux, and CO(2) assimilation in vivo, and outlines the theoretical bases for the use of specific fluorescence parameters. Although fluorescence parameters can be measured easily, many potential problems may arise when they are applied to predict changes in photosynthetic performance. In particular, consideration is given to problems associated with accurate estimation of the PSII operating efficiency measured by fluorescence and its relationship with the rates of linear electron flux and CO(2) assimilation. The roles of photochemical and nonphotochemical quenching in the determination of changes in PSII operating efficiency are examined. Finally, applications of fluorescence imaging to studies of photosynthetic heterogeneity and the rapid screening of large numbers of plants for perturbations in photosynthesis and associated metabolism are considered.

中文翻译：

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叶绿素荧光：体内光合作用的探针

现在广泛使用叶绿素荧光来监测藻类和植物的光合作用性能。本综述研究了如何使用荧光参数来评估光系统 II (PSII) 光化学、线性电子通量和体内 CO(2) 同化的变化，并概述了使用特定荧光参数的理论基础。虽然荧光参数可以很容易地测量，但当它们被应用于预测光合性能的变化时可能会出现许多潜在的问题。特别是，考虑了与准确估计由荧光测量的 PSII 操作效率及其与线性电子通量和 CO(2) 同化速率的关系相关的问题。研究了光化学和非光化学猝灭在确定 PSII 运行效率变化中的作用。最后，考虑了荧光成像在光合作用异质性研究和大量植物的光合作用和相关代谢扰动的快速筛选中的应用。