To maintain normal activity, single cells must assure that their energy needs and utilization are continuously matched. Likewise, multicellular organisms must constantly coordinate energy intake and expenditure to maintain energy homeostasis. The brain, and the hypothalamus in particular, plays a critical role in integrating and coordinating several types of signals, including hormones and nutrients, to guarantee such homeostasis. Like single cells, the hypothalamus also profits from intracellular pathways known to work as fuel sensors to maintain energy balance. One such pathway is the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). mTOR integrates different sensory inputs to regulate protein synthesis rates in individual cells, and it has recently been implicated in the central nervous system to regulate food intake and body weight as well. This review provides an overview of the role of hypothalamic intracellular fuel sensors in the overall control of energy balance and discusses the potential contribution of these fuel-sensing mechanisms to the metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity.

中文翻译：

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通过涉及mTOR的下丘脑信号网络调节食物摄入量。

为了维持正常的活动，单个电池必须确保其能量需求和利用率持续匹配。同样，多细胞生物必须不断协调能量摄入和消耗，以维持能量稳态。大脑，尤其是下丘脑，在整合和协调多种信号（包括激素和营养素）以确保这种稳态方面起着关键作用。像单细胞一样，下丘脑也从已知用作燃料传感器以维持能量平衡的细胞内途径中获利。一种这样的途径是雷帕霉素（mTOR）的哺乳动物靶标。mTOR整合了不同的感觉输入来调节单个细胞中的蛋白质合成速率，并且最近它还参与了中枢神经系统以调节食物的摄入量和体重。