Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are important regulators of many cellular functions and a growing number of PTPs have been implicated in human disease conditions, such as developmental defects, neoplastic disorders, and immunodeficiency. Here, we review the involvement of PTPs in human autoimmunity. The leading examples include the allelic variant of the lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN22), which is associated with multiple autoimmune diseases, and mutations that affect the exon-intron splicing of CD45 (PTPRC). We also find it likely that additional PTPs are involved in susceptibility to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Finally, we discuss the possibility that PTPs regulating the immune system may serve as therapeutic targets.

中文翻译：

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蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶具有自身免疫性。

蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶（PTP）是许多细胞功能的重要调节剂，并且越来越多的PTP涉及人类疾病，例如发育缺陷，肿瘤性疾病和免疫缺陷。在这里，我们回顾了PTP在人类自身免疫中的参与。主要的例子包括淋巴酪氨酸磷酸酶（PTPN22）的等位基因变体，与多种自身免疫性疾病有关，以及影响CD45的外显子-内含子剪接的突变（PTPRC）。我们还发现，其他PTP可能与自身免疫性疾病和炎性疾病的易感性有关。最后，我们讨论了调节免疫系统的PTP可能用作治疗靶标的可能性。