Response grouping is a ubiquitous phenomenon in psychological refractory period (PRP) tasks, yet it hampers the analysis of dual-task performance. To account for response grouping, we developed several extended versions of the standard bottleneck model, each of which incorporates a possible grouping mechanism into this model. Computer simulations were used to assess how the predictions of the standard model would change with each grouping mechanism. One set of simulations investigated the basic effects of grouping on the means and intercorrelation of the reaction times in the two tasks, as well as the percentage of trials with short interresponse times (IRTs). A second set of simulations examined whether response grouping would invalidate the use of PRP paradigms for localizing experimental effects. Finally, we investigated whether the post-hoc elimination of trials with short IRTs removes the contaminating effects of response grouping.

中文翻译：

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心理不应期（PRP）范式中的反应分组：模型和污染效应

反应分组是心理不应期（PRP）任务中普遍存在的现象，但它阻碍了双任务表现的分析。为了考虑响应分组，我们开发了标准瓶颈模型的几个扩展版本，每个版本都将可能的分组机制合并到该模型中。计算机模拟被用来评估标准模型的预测将如何随着每个分组机制而变化。一组模拟研究了分组对两个任务中反应时间的均值和相互关联的基本影响，以及具有短交互响应时间 (IRT) 的试验百分比。第二组模拟检查了响应分组是否会使 PRP 范式用于本地化实验效果无效。最后，