This article reviews a diverse set of proposals for dual processing in higher cognition within largely disconnected literatures in cognitive and social psychology. All these theories have in common the distinction between cognitive processes that are fast, automatic, and unconscious and those that are slow, deliberative, and conscious. A number of authors have recently suggested that there may be two architecturally (and evolutionarily) distinct cognitive systems underlying these dual-process accounts. However, it emerges that (a) there are multiple kinds of implicit processes described by different theorists and (b) not all of the proposed attributes of the two kinds of processing can be sensibly mapped on to two systems as currently conceived. It is suggested that while some dual-process theories are concerned with parallel competing processes involving explicit and implicit knowledge systems, others are concerned with the influence of preconscious processes that contextualize and shape deliberative reasoning and decision-making.

中文翻译：

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推理，判断和社会认知的双重处理。

本文回顾了在认知和社会心理学方面相距甚远的文献中，关于更高认知双重处理的各种建议。所有这些理论在快速，自动和无意识的认知过程与缓慢，深思和有意识的认知过程之间有一个共同点。许多作者最近建议，在这些双重过程说明的基础上可能存在两个体系结构（和进化上）不同的认知系统。但是，出现的结果是：（a）有不同理论家描述的多种隐式过程，并且（b）并非可以将这两种处理的所有提议属性合理地映射到当前构想的两个系统上。