One of the strongest and most noticeable responses of Bacillus subtilis cells to a range of stress and starvation stimuli is the dramatic induction of about 150 SigB-dependent general stress genes. The activity of SigB itself is tightly regulated by a complex signal transduction cascade with at least three main signaling pathways that respond to environmental stress, energy depletion, or low temperature. The SigB-dependent response is conserved in related gram-positive bacteria but is missing in strictly anaerobic or in some facultatively anaerobic gram-positive bacteria. It covers functions from nonspecific and multiple stress resistance to the control of virulence in pathogenic bacteria. A comprehensive understanding of this crucial stress response is essential not only for bacterial physiology but also for applied microbiology, including pathogenicity and pathogen control.

中文翻译：

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枯草芽孢杆菌和相关革兰氏阳性细菌中SigB依赖的一般应激反应。

枯草芽孢杆菌细胞对一系列压力和饥饿刺激的最强烈和最显着的反应之一是对约150个SigB依赖的一般应激基因的引人注目的诱导。SigB本身的活性受到复杂信号转导级联的严格调控，该信号转导级联具有至少三个主要信号通路，这些通路可响应环境压力，能量消耗或低温。SigB依赖的反应在相关的革兰氏阳性细菌中是保守的，但在严格厌氧的或某些兼性厌氧的革兰氏阳性细菌中是缺失的。它涵盖了从非特异性和多重抗逆性到控制病原细菌中毒力的功能。全面了解这种关键的应激反应不仅对于细菌生理学而且对于应用微生物学都至关重要，