Isoniazid (INH) is one of the most efficient drugs for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. Despite its rather simple chemical structure, the mechanism by which INH kills M. tuberculosis is complex. A full understanding of the mechanisms of action of INH required the development of genetic tools in M. tuberculosis. Herein, we discuss the different hypotheses that have been used to describe INH action against M. tuberculosis over the past 50 years in terms of the pregenetic and genetic era. We also review the different mechanisms of INH resistance and propose what we think is the means by which INH kills M. tuberculosis.

中文翻译：

---

异烟肼杀死的机制：通过遗传学范围的清晰性。

异烟肼（INH）是治疗结核分枝杆菌感染的最有效药物之一。尽管化学结构相当简单，但INH杀死结核分枝杆菌的机制却很复杂。要全面了解INH的作用机制，就需要开发结核分枝杆菌的遗传工具。在本文中，我们讨论了在前遗传时代和遗传时代来描述INH在过去50年中对结核分枝杆菌的作用的不同假设。我们还回顾了INH耐药性的不同机制，并提出了我们认为INH杀死结核分枝杆菌的方法。