Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common condition with a high risk of death. The standard metrics used to define and monitor the progression of AKI, such as serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, are insensitive, nonspecific, and change significantly only after significant kidney injury and then with a substantial time delay. This delay in diagnosis not only prevents timely patient management decisions, including administration of putative therapeutic agents, but also significantly affects the preclinical evaluation of toxicity thereby allowing potentially nephrotoxic drug candidates to pass the preclinical safety criteria only to be found to be clinically nephrotoxic with great human costs. Studies to establish effective therapies for AKI will be greatly facilitated by two factors: (a) development of sensitive, specific, and reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis/prognosis of AKI in preclinical and clinical studies, and (b) development and validation of high-throughput innovative technologies that allow rapid multiplexed detection of multiple markers at the bedside.

中文翻译：

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急性肾损伤的生物标志物。

急性肾损伤 (AKI) 是一种常见疾病，具有很高的死亡风险。用于定义和监测 AKI 进展的标准指标，例如血清肌酐和血尿素氮水平，是不敏感的、非特异性的，并且仅在显着肾损伤后才会发生显着变化，然后会有显着的时间延迟。这种诊断延迟不仅阻碍了及时的患者管理决策，包括推定的治疗药物的给药，而且显着影响了毒性的临床前评估，从而使潜在的肾毒性候选药物通过了临床前安全标准，结果却被发现具有临床肾毒性并具有很大的毒性。人力成本。两个因素将极大地促进建立 AKI 有效疗法的研究：(a) 发展敏感、特异、