Lipid-modifying therapy has been proven to significantly reduce cardiovascular events and total mortality. Most of the data have come from statin trials. Statin therapy is generally well-tolerated and safe, and for patients who are at higher than average risk of cardiovascular disease, the benefit of lipid-modifying therapy far exceeds the risk. Careful risk assessment is a critical component of effective lipid-modifying therapy. In the foreseeable future, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) will remain the primary therapeutic target, and combination therapy is likely to become the norm. The major questions are how low to treat and how to achieve increasingly aggressive targets in lipid-lowering therapy. Many patients on LDL-lowering therapy continue to have abnormalities of the triglyceride-high-density lipoprotein (TG-HDL) axis, so additional drug therapy is often considered for such patients. In this review, we briefly discuss new developments in cardiovascular risk assessment, then discuss recent developments in treatment to reduce LDL, and finally discuss current concepts regarding therapy targeting the TG-HDL axis.

中文翻译：

---

预防心血管事件中脂质的管理。

脂质调节疗法已被证明可以显着降低心血管事件和总死亡率。大多数数据来自他汀类药物试验。他汀类药物疗法通常耐受良好且安全，对于心血管疾病的平均风险高于平均水平的患者，调脂疗法的益处远远超过了这种风险。仔细的风险评估是有效的调脂治疗的关键组成部分。在可预见的将来，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）仍将是主要治疗靶标，联合治疗可能会成为常态。主要问题是在降脂治疗中如何降低治疗水平以及如何实现越来越积极的目标。许多接受LDL降低治疗的患者继续存在甘油三酸酯-高密度脂蛋白（TG-HDL）轴异常，因此，通常针对此类患者考虑使用其他药物治疗。在这篇综述中，我们简要讨论了心血管风险评估的新进展，然后讨论了降低LDL的治疗方法的最新进展，最后讨论了针对TG-HDL轴的治疗方法的最新概念。