Low oxygen (O2) levels are a naturally occurring feature of embryonic development, adult physiology, and diseases such as those of the cardiovascular system. Although many responses to O2 deprivation are mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), researchers are finding a growing number of HIF-independent pathways that promote O2 conformance and hypoxia tolerance. Here, we describe HIF-independent responses and how they impact cardiovascular tissue homeostasis.

中文翻译：

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心血管系统中缺氧诱导的信号传导。

低氧 (O2) 水平是胚胎发育、成人生理学和心血管系统疾病等疾病的自然发生特征。尽管许多对 O2 剥夺的反应是由缺氧诱导因子 (HIF) 介导的，但研究人员发现越来越多的 HIF 独立途径可以促进 O2 顺应性和缺氧耐受性。在这里，我们描述了 HIF 独立反应以及它们如何影响心血管组织稳态。