The Caenorhabditis elegans germ line provides an exceptional model for analysis of the molecular controls governing stem cell maintenance, the cell cycle transition from mitosis to meiosis, and the choice of sexual identity-sperm or oocyte. Germline stem cells are maintained in an undifferentiated state within a well-defined niche formed by a single somatic cell, the distal tip cell (DTC). In both sexes, the DTC employs GLP-1/Notch signaling and FBF/PUF RNA-binding proteins to maintain stem cells and promote mitotic divisions, three additional RNA regulators (GLD-1/quaking, GLD-2/poly(A) polymerase, and GLD-3/Bicaudal-C) control entry into meiosis, and FOG-1/CPEB and FOG-3/Tob proteins govern sperm specification. These key regulators are part of a robust regulatory network that controls germ cell proliferation, stem cell maintenance, and sex determination. Parallels with controls in other organisms include the use of PUF proteins for stem cell maintenance and the prominence of mRNA regulation for the control of germline development.

中文翻译：

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秀丽隐杆线虫的生殖系干细胞的控制，减数分裂的进入以及精子/卵母细胞的决定。

秀丽隐杆线虫生殖系为控制干细胞维持，从有丝分裂到减数分裂的细胞周期转变以及性身份-精子或卵母细胞的选择的分子控制分析提供了一个出色的模型。胚系干细胞在未分化状态下维持在由单个体细胞即远端尖端细胞（DTC）形成的明确定位的生态位中。在男女双方中，DTC均使用GLP-1 / Notch信号和FBF / PUF RNA结合蛋白来维持干细胞并促进有丝分裂，另外还有三种RNA调节剂（GLD-1 / quaking，GLD-2 / poly（A）聚合酶，以及GLD-3 / Bicaudal-C）控制减数分裂的进入，而FOG-1 / CPEB和FOG-3 / Tob蛋白控制着精子的规格。这些关键的调节剂是强大的调节网络的一部分，可控制生殖细胞的增殖，干细胞的维持，和性别决定。与其他生物体中的对照平行的包括使用PUF蛋白进行干细胞维护，以及突出mRNA调控以控制种系发育。