A postgenome challenge is to understand how the code in DNA is converted into the biological processes underlying various cell fates. By establishing the appropriate technical tools, we are moving from an era in which such questions have been asked by studying individual genes to one in which large domains, whole chromosomes, and the entire human genome can be investigated. These developments will allow us to study in parallel the transcriptional program and components of the epigenetic program (nuclear position, timing of replication, chromatin structure and modification, DNA methylation) to determine the hierarchy and order of events required to switch genes on and off during differentiation and development.

中文翻译：

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使用基因组学研究染色质如何影响基因表达。

后基因组的挑战是了解 DNA 中的代码如何转化为各种细胞命运的生物学过程。通过建立适当的技术工具，我们正在从通过研究单个基因来提出此类问题的时代转变为可以研究大域、整个染色体和整个人类基因组的时代。这些进展将使我们能够并行研究转录程序和表观遗传程序的组成部分（核位置、复制时间、染色质结构和修饰、DNA甲基化），以确定在期间打开和关闭基因所需的事件的层次和顺序差异化和发展。