Cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is a bacterial second messenger of growing recognition involved in the regulation of a number of complex physiological processes. This review describes the biosynthesis and hydrolysis of c-di-GMP and several mechanisms of regulation of c-di-GMP metabolism. The contribution of c-di-GMP to regulating biofilm formation and motility, processes that affect pathogenesis of many bacteria, is described, as is c-di-GMP regulation of virulence gene expression. Finally, ways in which c-di-GMP may mediate these regulatory effects are proposed.

中文翻译：

---

环二鸟苷酸在调节细菌发病机制中的作用。

环状二鸟苷酸 (c-di-GMP) 是一种细菌的第二信使，它参与了许多复杂生理过程的调节。这篇综述描述了 c-di-GMP 的生物合成和水解以及 c-di-GMP 代谢的几种调节机制。描述了 c-di-GMP 对调节生物膜形成和运动、影响许多细菌发病机制的过程的贡献，以及 c-di-GMP 对毒力基因表达的调节。最后，提出了 c-di-GMP 可能介导这些调节作用的方式。