Damage to orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) produces an unusual pattern of deficits. Patients have intact cognitive abilities but are impaired in making everyday decisions. Here we review anatomical, neuropsychological, and neurophysiological evidence to determine the neuronal mechanisms that might underlie these impairments. We suggest that OFC plays a key role in processing reward: It integrates multiple sources of information regarding the reward outcome to derive a value signal. In effect, OFC calculates how rewarding a reward is. This value signal can then be held in working memory where it can be used by lateral prefrontal cortex to plan and organize behavior toward obtaining the outcome, and by medial prefrontal cortex to evaluate the overall action in terms of its success and the effort that was required. Thus, acting together, these prefrontal areas can ensure that our behavior is most efficiently directed towards satisfying our needs.

中文翻译：

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眶额皮质及其对决策的贡献。

眶额皮质（OFC）的损伤会产生异常的缺损。患者具有完整的认知能力，但在做出日常决策时会受到影响。在这里，我们审查解剖，神经心理学和神经生理学证据，以确定可能是这些障碍的神经元机制。我们建议OFC在处理奖励中起关键作用：它整合了有关奖励结果的多种信息源，以得出价值信号。实际上，OFC计算奖励的奖励程度。然后，该值信号可以保存在工作记忆中，外侧前额叶皮层可以使用它来计划和组织行为以获取结果，内侧前额叶皮层可以使用它来评估整体动作是否成功以及所需的努力。因此，一起行动