More than 12,000 newly diagnosed cases of cancer occur each year in the United States among children ages 20 years or younger, and the current 5-year survival rate is near 80%. An estimated 228,000 among adults 47 years or younger and currently living in the United States had a diagnosis of cancer during childhood or adolescence. Here, we review long-term adverse effects of childhood cancer and its treatment with an emphasis on physical performance and health. We also briefly review existing guidelines that may be used to develop appropriate exercise and diet interventions for childhood cancer survivors. We suggest that there is a need for development of evidence-based, risk-based guidelines and interventions for health promotion among long-term childhood cancer survivors, particularly for those whose physical activity limitations interfere with chances for optimizing their bodies' potential in today's society.

中文翻译：

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儿童期癌症的不良晚期影响及其治疗对健康和性能的影响。

在美国，每年20岁以下的儿童中每年都会发生超过12,000例新诊断出的癌症，目前的5年生存率接近80％。在目前居住在美国的47岁以下的成年人中，估计有228,000人在儿童期或青春期诊断出患有癌症。在这里，我们回顾了儿童期癌症及其治疗的长期不良影响，并着重于身体表现和健康。我们还简要回顾了现有指南，这些指南可用于为儿童癌症幸存者制定适当的运动和饮食干预措施。我们建议有必要为长期的儿童癌症幸存者制定循证，基于风险的指南和健康促进干预措施，