Arabinogalactan proteins is an umbrella term applied to a highly diverse class of cell surface glycoproteins, many of which contain glycosylphosphatidylinositol lipid anchors. The structures of protein and glycan moieties of arabinogalactan proteins are overwhelmingly diverse while the "hydroxproline contiguity hypothesis" predicts arabinogalactan modification of members of many families of extracellular proteins. Descriptive studies using monoclonal antibodies reacting with carbohydrate epitopes on arabinogalactan proteins and experimental work using beta-Yariv reagent implicate arabinogalactan proteins in many biological processes of cell proliferation and survival, pattern formation and growth, and in plant microbe interaction. Advanced structural understanding of arabinogalactan proteins and an emerging molecular genetic definition of biological roles of individual arabinogalactan protein species, in conjunction with potentially analogous extracellular matrix components of animals, stimulate hypotheses about their mode of action. Arabinogalactan proteins might be soluble signals, or might act as modulators and coreceptors of apoplastic morphogens; their amphiphilic molecular nature makes them prime candidates of mediators between the cell wall, the plasma membrane, and the cytoplasm.

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阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白质的生物学

阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白是一个总称，适用于高度多样化的细胞表面糖蛋白，其中许多含有糖基磷脂酰肌醇脂质锚。阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白质的蛋白质和聚糖部分的结构极其多样化，而“羟脯氨酸邻接假说”预测许多细胞外蛋白质家族成员的阿拉伯半乳聚糖修饰。使用单克隆抗体与阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白上的碳水化合物表位反应的描述性研究和使用 beta-Yariv 试剂的实验工作表明，阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白在细胞增殖和存活、模式形成和生长以及植物微生物相互作用的许多生物过程中。对阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白质的高级结构理解和对单个阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白质种类的生物学作用的新兴分子遗传定义，结合动物的潜在类似细胞外基质成分，刺激了关于其作用模式的假设。阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白可能是可溶性信号，或者可能作为质外体形态发生素的调节剂和辅助受体；它们的两亲分子性质使它们成为细胞壁、质膜和细胞质之间介质的主要候选者。或可能作为质外体形态发生素的调节剂和辅助受体；它们的两亲分子性质使它们成为细胞壁、质膜和细胞质之间介质的主要候选者。或可能作为质外体形态发生素的调节剂和辅助受体；它们的两亲分子性质使它们成为细胞壁、质膜和细胞质之间介质的主要候选者。