SAP (SLAM-associated protein) was identified in 1998 as an adaptor molecule involved in the intracellular signaling pathways elicited through the cell surface receptor SLAM and as the protein defective in the human immunodeficiency X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP). During the past eight years, it has been established that the SLAM family of cell surface receptors (SLAM, 2B4, NTB-A, Ly9, CD84) and the SAP family of adaptors (SAP, EAT-2, ERT) play critical roles in lymphocyte development, differentiation, and acquisition of effector functions. Studies of these proteins have shown unexpected roles in cytokine production by T cells and myeloid cells, T cell-dependent humoral immune responses, NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and NKT cell development. This review highlights recent findings that have improved our understanding of the roles of the SLAM and SAP families of molecules in immune regulation and discusses how perturbations in the signaling pathways involving these proteins can result in different disease states.

中文翻译：

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SLAM和SAP分子家族对细胞和体液免疫反应的调节。

SAP（SLAM相关蛋白）在1998年被鉴定为参与通过细胞表面受体SLAM引发的细胞内信号传导途径的衔接子分子，并且是人免疫缺陷X连锁淋巴增生性疾病（XLP）中的蛋白质缺陷。在过去的八年中，已经确定SLAM细胞表面受体家族（SLAM，2B4，NTB-A，Ly9，CD84）和SAP衔接子家族（SAP，EAT-2，ERT）在其中起着至关重要的作用。淋巴细胞的发育，分化和效应功能的获得。这些蛋白质的研究显示出在T细胞和髓样细胞的细胞因子产生，T细胞依赖性体液免疫应答，NK细胞介导的细胞毒性和NKT细胞发育中出乎意料的作用。