Historically, accounts of object representation and perceived similarity have focused on intrinsic features. Although more recent accounts have explored how objects, scenes, and situations containing common relational structures come to be perceived as similar, less is known about how the perceived similarity of parts or objects embedded within these relational systems is affected. The current studies test the hypothesis that objects situated in common relational systems come to be perceived as more similar. Similarity increases most for objects playing the same role within a relation (e.g., predator), but also increases for objects playing different roles within the same relation (e.g., the predator or prey role in the hunts relation) regardless of whether the objects participate in the same instance of the relation. This pattern of results can be captured by extending existing models that extract meaning from text corpora so that they are sensitive to the verb-specific thematic roles that objects fill. Alternative explanations based on analogical and inferential processes are also considered, as well as the implications of the current findings to research in language processing, decision making, and category learning.

中文翻译：

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超越共同特征：角色在确定相似性中的作用☆


从历史上看，对象表示和感知相似性的描述都集中在内在特征上。尽管最近的研究已经探讨了包含共同关系结构的对象、场景和情况如何被感知为相似，但人们对嵌入这些关系系统中的部分或对象的感知相似性如何受到影响知之甚少。当前的研究测试了这样一个假设：位于共同关系系统中的对象被认为更加相似。对于在关系中扮演相同角色的对象（例如，捕食者），相似性增加最多，但对于在同一关系中扮演不同角色的对象（例如，狩猎关系中的捕食者或猎物角色），相似性也会增加，无论对象是否参与关系的同一个实例。这种结果模式可以通过扩展现有模型来捕获，这些模型从文本语料库中提取含义，以便它们对对象填充的特定于动词的主题角色敏感。还考虑了基于类比和推理过程的替代解释，以及当前研究结果对语言处理、决策和类别学习研究的影响。