Research on coping during childhood and adolescence is distinguished by its focus on how children deal with actual stressors in real-life contexts. Despite burgeoning literatures within age groups, studies on developmental differences and changes have proven difficult to integrate. Two recent advances promise progress toward a developmental framework. First, dual-process models that conceptualize coping as "regulation under stress" establish links to the development of emotional, attentional, and behavioral self-regulation and suggest constitutional underpinnings and social factors that shape coping development. Second, analyses of the functions of higher-order coping families allow identification of corresponding lower-order ways of coping that, despite their differences, are developmentally graded members of the same family. This emerging framework was used to integrate 44 studies reporting age differences or changes in coping from infancy through adolescence. Together, these advances outline a systems perspective in which, as regulatory subsystems are integrated, general mechanisms of coping accumulate developmentally, suggesting multiple directions for future research.

中文翻译：

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应对的发展。

关于儿童和青少年期应对方法的研究的重点在于儿童在现实生活中如何应对实际压力源。尽管各个年龄组内的文学发展迅速，但关于发展差异和变化的研究已被证明难以整合。最近的两项进步有望向发展框架迈进。首先，将应对概念化为“压力下的调节”的双过程模型建立了与情绪，注意力和行为自我调节的发展的联系，并提出了构成应对发展的宪法基础和社会因素。其次，对高阶应对家庭功能的分析可以确定相应的低阶应对方式，尽管它们之间存在差异，但它们是同一个家庭的发展分级成员。这个新兴的框架用于整合44项研究，这些研究报告了年龄差异或从婴儿期到青春期的应对方式的变化。这些进步共同勾勒了系统的观点，在这种观点中，随着监管子系统的集成，应对的一般机制也在不断发展，为未来的研究提供了多个方向。