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Risks and benefits of nutritional support during critical illness.
Annual Review of Nutrition ( IF 12.6 ) Pub Date : 2006-07-20 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111307
Yves Debaveye 1 , Greet Van den Berghe
Affiliation  

Critically ill patients who depend on intensive care for more than a few days reveal profound erosion of lean body mass, which is thought to contribute to high morbidity and mortality. Despite a shortfall of evidence that supplemental feeding actually alters clinical outcome of these life-threatening disease states, this observation evoked an almost universal, albeit often inappropriate, use of nutritional support (NS) in the critically ill, administered via the parenteral or the enteral route. Lack of knowledge and overenthusiasm subsequently resulted in complications associated with both parenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN), which led to the standing controversy over which should be preferred. With time, however, it became clear that EN and PN are not mutually exclusive and that critically ill patients requiring NS should be fed according to the functional status of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, tight blood glucose control with insulin is advised in fed critically ill patients because overall metabolic control appears to surpass any outcome benefit attributed to the route of feeding. Recently, various special nutritional formulas have been suggested to prevent or treat multiorgan failure in the critically ill, among other pathways via modulation of immune function. Although special nutritional formulas may be promising in a variety of clinical settings, based on currently available data, these cannot be recommended for routine use in critically ill patients.

中文翻译:

重大疾病期间营养支持的风险和收益。

依赖重症监护多于几天的重症患者显示出瘦体重的严重侵蚀,这被认为会导致高发病率和高死亡率。尽管缺乏证据表明补充喂养实际上改变了这些威胁生命的疾病状态的临床结局,但该观察结果引起了在危重病人中通过肠胃外或肠内给药几乎普遍的,尽管通常不适当的营养支持(NS)的使用。路线。缺乏知识和过度热情随后导致与肠胃外营养(PN)和肠内营养(EN)相关的并发症,这引起了长期争议,应优先考虑。随着时间的流逝,显然,EN和PN并非互斥的,需要NS的重症患者应根据胃肠道的功能状况进行喂养。此外,建议在危重症患者中严格控制胰岛素的血糖水平,因为整体代谢控制似乎超过了由喂养途径带来的任何预后。最近,已经提出了各种特殊的营养配方,以通过调节免疫功能来预防或治疗重症患者的多器官功能衰竭。尽管特殊的营养配方在各种临床环境中可能很有前途,但根据目前可获得的数据,不能推荐将其用于重症患者的常规使用。建议在危重症患者中严格控制胰岛素的血糖水平,因为总体代谢控制似乎超过了由喂养途径引起的任何预后。最近,已经提出了各种特殊的营养配方,以通过调节免疫功能来预防或治疗重症患者的多器官功能衰竭。尽管特殊的营养配方在各种临床环境中可能很有前途,但根据目前可获得的数据,不能推荐将其用于重症患者的常规使用。建议在重症喂养的重症患者中严格控制胰岛素的血糖水平,因为总体代谢控制似乎超过了由喂养途径带来的任何预后。最近,已经提出了各种特殊的营养配方,以通过调节免疫功能来预防或治疗重症患者的多器官功能衰竭。尽管特殊的营养配方在各种临床环境中可能很有前途,但根据目前可获得的数据,不能推荐将其用于重症患者的常规使用。已经提出了各种特殊的营养配方,以通过调节免疫功能来预防或治疗重症患者的多器官功能衰竭。尽管特殊的营养配方在各种临床环境中可能很有前途,但根据目前可获得的数据,不能推荐将其用于重症患者的常规使用。已经提出了各种特殊的营养配方,以通过调节免疫功能来预防或治疗重症患者的多器官功能衰竭。尽管特殊的营养配方在各种临床环境中可能很有前途,但根据目前可获得的数据,不能推荐将其用于重症患者的常规使用。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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