Polymersomes are self-assembled polymer shells composed of block copolymer amphiphiles. These synthetic amphiphiles have amphiphilicity similar to lipids, but they have much larger molecular weights, so for this reason--along with others reviewed here--comparisons of polymersomes with viral capsids composed of large polypeptide chains are highly appropriate. We summarize the wide range of polymers used to make polymersomes along with descriptions of physical properties such as stability and permeability. We also elaborate on emerging studies of in vivo stealthiness, programmed disassembly for controlled release, targeting in vitro, and tumor-shrinkage in vivo. Comparisons of polymersomes with viral capsids are shown to encompass and inspire many aspects of current designs.

中文翻译：

---

聚合物囊泡。

聚合物小体是由嵌段共聚物两亲物组成的自组装聚合物壳。这些合成的两亲物具有类似于脂质的两亲物，但是它们具有更大的分子量，因此，出于这个原因（连同本文中其他综述），将聚合物小体与由大多肽链组成的病毒衣壳进行比较非常合适。我们总结了用于制造聚合物囊泡的各种聚合物，以及对物理性能（如稳定性和渗透性）的描述。我们还详细阐述了体内隐身性，针对控制释放的程序化拆卸，体外靶向以及体内肿瘤缩小的新兴研究。聚合物囊泡与病毒衣壳的比较显示涵盖并启发了当前设计的许多方面。