RNA silencing can reduce the expression of specific genes through posttranscriptional gene silencing, the microRNA pathway, and also through transcriptional gene silencing. Posttranscriptional gene silencing also acts as an antivirus mechanism. By suppressing this antivirus defense mechanism, viruses affect all three silencing pathways in addition to the intercellular signaling mechanism that transmits RNA-based messages throughout the plant. Productive virus infection may therefore disrupt the normal gene expression patterns in plants, resulting, at least in part, in a symptomatic phenotype. This review examines the cellular world that viruses exploit to provide some insight into the molecular interactions that occur during the virus infection cycle and how these produce the symptoms on infected plants.

中文翻译：

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RNA在生产性病毒感染中沉默。

RNA沉默可以通过转录后基因沉默，microRNA途径以及转录基因沉默来减少特定基因的表达。转录后基因沉默也充当抗病毒机制。通过抑制这种抗病毒防御机制，病毒不仅影响在整个植物中传输基于RNA的信息的细胞间信号传导机制，还影响所有三个沉默途径。因此，生产性病毒感染可能会破坏植物中的正常基因表达模式，至少部分导致症状表型。这篇综述检查了病毒利用的细胞世界，以提供一些有关病毒感染周期中发生的分子相互作用以及它们如何在被感染植物上产生症状的见解。