Vascular inflammation is a common, complex mechanism involved in pathogenesis of a plethora of disease conditions including ischemia-reperfusion, atherosclerosis, restenosis and stroke. Specific targeting of imaging probes and drugs to endothelial cells in inflammation sites holds promise to improve management of these conditions. Nanocarriers of diverse compositions and geometries, targeted with ligands to endothelial adhesion molecules exposed in inflammation foci are devised for this goal. Imaging modalities that employ these nanoparticle probes include radioisotope imaging, MRI and ultrasound that are translatable from animal to human studies, as well as optical imaging modalities that at the present time are more confined to animal studies. Therapeutic cargoes for these drug delivery systems include diverse anti-inflammatory agents, anti-proliferative drugs for prevention of restenosis, and antioxidants. This article reviews recent advances in the area of image-guided translation of targeted nanocarrier diagnostics and therapeutics in nanomedicine.

中文翻译：

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用于血管炎症成像和治疗的靶向纳米载体。

血管炎症是一种常见的复杂机制，涉及多种疾病的发病机制，包括缺血再灌注、动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄和中风。将成像探针和药物特异性靶向炎症部位的内皮细胞有望改善对这些疾病的管理。具有不同成分和几何形状的纳米载体，以配体靶向暴露于炎症病灶的内皮粘附分子，旨在实现这一目标。使用这些纳米粒子探针的成像方式包括放射性同位素成像、MRI 和超声波，它们可以从动物研究转化为人类研究，以及目前更仅限于动物研究的光学成像方式。这些药物递送系统的治疗货物包括多种抗炎剂、用于预防再狭窄的抗增殖药物和抗氧化剂。本文回顾了纳米医学中靶向纳米载体诊断和治疗的图像引导翻译领域的最新进展。