In 1968, Wilson and Jungner published 10 "principles" for evaluating screening programs (Public Health Papers No. 34. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization), criteria widely used since then. The 4 authors of this review (all current or former members of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force) have found a different paradigm more useful for evaluating screening programs. This review was written independently of the USPSTF; the authors speak only for themselves and not for the USPSTF. They suggest evaluating screening programs not as a checklist but as a balance between the magnitude of benefits and the magnitude of harms, each estimated from a systematic review of the evidence. To emphasize a focus on health outcomes, the authors suggest reframing the target of screening as an umbrella concept: the "predictor of poor health." Evaluation groups should weigh health benefits and harms to estimate net benefits and then consider whether these net benefits justify the resources required. The final decision about implementation should be made by a democratic process that considers both the panel's evaluation of the evidence and nonevidence factors (e.g., resources available, other priorities, the informed population's preferences). The authors hope these suggestions stimulate further discussion about the optimal way to evaluate proposed screening programs.

中文翻译：

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重新考虑评估提议的筛查计划的标准：来自美国预防服务工作队4位现任和前任成员的反思。

1968年，Wilson和Jungner发表了10项用于评估筛查程序的“原则”（第34号公共卫生文件。瑞士日内瓦：世界卫生组织），这是自那时以来广泛使用的标准。这篇评论的4位作者（美国预防服务工作队的所有现任或前任成员）发现一种不同的范例对于评估筛查程序更为有用。该评论是独立于USPSTF撰写的；作者只为自己说话，而不为USPSTF说话。他们建议对筛查程序进行评估，而不是将其作为检查清单，而应将收益的程度与伤害的程度之间进行权衡，每个评估都是根据对证据的系统审查得出的。为了强调对健康结果的关注，作者建议将筛查的目标重新定义为一个总体概念：“健康不良的预测因素”。对证据和非证据因素的评估（例如，可用资源，其他优先事项，知情人群的偏好）。作者希望这些建议能激发人们进一步讨论评估拟议筛查计划的最佳方法。对证据和非证据因素的评估（例如，可用资源，其他优先事项，知情人群的偏好）。作者希望这些建议能激发人们进一步讨论评估拟议筛查计划的最佳方法。