Immune modulatory drugs have been successfully used to treat patients with multiple myeloma (MM), myelodysplastic syndromes displaying loss of 5q (del5q MDS) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Immune modulatory drugs are used in first-line therapy in combination with functionally complementary compounds, but have also shown efficacy in refractory disease. However, their exact mode of action remains unclear. Here we describe the clinical impact of these compounds on MM, del5q MDS and CLL, discuss their mode of action with respect to intracellular targets, focus on the phenotypic changes that immune modulatory compounds induce in the tumor microenvironment and how they modulate the immune response.

中文翻译：

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造血系统恶性肿瘤中的免疫调节剂。

免疫调节药物已成功用于治疗多发性骨髓瘤（MM），显示5q丢失（del5q MDS）和慢性淋巴细胞性白血病（CLL）的骨髓增生异常综合征。免疫调节药物与功能互补化合物联合用于一线治疗，但在顽固性疾病中也显示出疗效。但是，它们的确切作用方式仍不清楚。在这里，我们描述了这些化合物对MM，del5q MDS和CLL的临床影响，讨论了它们对细胞内靶标的作用方式，重点关注了免疫调节化合物在肿瘤微环境中诱导的表型变化以及它们如何调节免疫反应。