In this review, we will bring the reader up to date with recent advances in the use of galvanic replacement reactions to engineer highly tunable nanostructures for a variety of applications. We will begin by discussing the variety of templates that have been used for such reactions and how the structural details (e.g., shape, size, and defects, among others) have interesting effects on the ultimate product, beyond serving as a simple site for deposition. This will be followed by a discussion of how we can manipulate the processes of alloying and dealloying to produce novel structures and how the type of precursor affects the final properties. Finally, the interesting optical properties of these materials and some innovative applications in areas of biomedical engineering and catalysis will be discussed, completing our overview of the state of the art in galvanic replacement.

中文翻译：

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通过电偶置换反应设计金属纳米结构的特性。

在这篇评论中，我们将为读者介绍使用电取代反应来设计适合各种应用的高度可调纳米结构的最新进展。我们将首先讨论用于此类反应的各种模板，以及结构细节（例如形状、尺寸和缺陷等）如何对最终产品产生有趣的影响，而不仅仅是作为简单的沉积位点。接下来将讨论如何操纵合金化和脱合金过程以产生新颖的结构以及前体的类型如何影响最终性能。最后，我们将讨论这些材料有趣的光学特性以及在生物医学工程和催化领域的一些创新应用，从而完成我们对电取代最新技术的概述。