Geographic and substance use data were collected from 301 urban adolescents to compare the perceived and observed risk and safety associated with their home and activity space locations (routine locations). The geographic characteristics of the neighborhood surrounding each location was summarized according to features theorized to be risky, such as criminal activity and alcohol sales, and features theorized to be safe, such as recreation centers and churches. Data on socioeconomic status, derived from U.S. Bureau of the Census data, were also used to characterize locations. Adolescents' homes were typically perceived as safe despite observed measures of risk such as density of crimes and proximity to alcohol outlets. This held for both substance users and non-users. Differences in geographic characteristics for safe and risky activity spaces were observed for both substance users and non-users, with non-users appearing to be more sensitive to the presence of risky characteristics in the environment than substance users. Results highlight the need and provide a methodology to collect fine-grained activity space data instead of relying only on home residence when attempting to represent place and health behaviors with urban youth.

中文翻译：

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城市青少年物质使用场所与风险和安全认知的关系

收集了 301 名城市青少年的地理和物质使用数据，以比较与其家庭和活动空间位置（常规位置）相关的感知和观察到的风险和安全。根据理论上具有风险的特征（如犯罪活动和酒类销售）和理论上具有安全性的特征（如娱乐中心和教堂），对每个地点周围社区的地理特征进行了总结。来自美国人口普查局数据的社会经济地位数据也被用来描述地点的特征。尽管观察到诸如犯罪密度和靠近酒类商店的风险措施，但青少年的家通常被认为是安全的。这适用于物质使用者和非使用者。物质使用者和非使用者都观察到安全和风险活动空间的地理特征差异，非使用者似乎比物质使用者对环境中存在的风险特征更敏感。结果强调了收集细粒度活动空间数据的必要性，并提供了一种方法来收集细粒度的活动空间数据，而不是在试图代表城市青年的地方和健康行为时仅依靠住宅。