Filamentous phages are thread-shaped bacterial viruses. Their outer coat is a tube formed by thousands equal copies of the major coat protein pVIII. Libraries of random peptides fused to pVIII domains were used for selection of phages probes specific for a panel of test antigens and biological threat agents. Because the viral carrier in the phage borne bio-selective probes is infective, they can be cloned individually and propagated indefinitely without needs of their chemical synthesis or reconstructing. As a new bioselective material, landscape phages combine unique characteristics of affinity reagents and self assembling proteins. Biorecognition layers formed by the phage-derived probes bind biological agents with high affinity and specificity and generate detectable signals in analytical platforms. The performance of phage-derived materials as biorecognition interface was illustrated by detection of Bacillus anthracis spores and Salmonella typhimurium cells. With further refinement, the phage-derived analytical platforms for detecting and monitoring of numerous threat agents may be developed, since phage interface against any bacteria, virus or toxin may be readily selected from the landscape phage libraries. As an interface in the field-use detectors, they may be superior to antibodies, since they are inexpensive, highly specific and strong binders, resistant to high temperatures and environmental stresses.

中文翻译：

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景观噬菌体作为检测设备的分子识别接口。

丝状噬菌体是线状的细菌病毒。它们的外壳是由数千个等量的主要外壳蛋白 pVIII 形成的管。融合到 pVIII 结构域的随机肽文库用于选择对一组测试抗原和生物威胁剂具有特异性的噬菌体探针。由于噬菌体携带的生物选择性探针中的病毒载体具有传染性，因此它们可以单独克隆并无限繁殖，而无需化学合成或重建。作为一种新的生物选择性材料，景观噬菌体结合了亲和试剂和自组装蛋白质的独特特性。由噬菌体衍生探针形成的生物识别层以高亲和力和特异性结合生物制剂，并在分析平台中产生可检测的信号。通过检测炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌细胞，说明了噬菌体衍生材料作为生物识别界面的性能。随着进一步的改进，可以开发用于检测和监测众多威胁因子的噬菌体衍生分析平台，因为可以很容易地从景观噬菌体库中选择针对任何细菌、病毒或毒素的噬菌体界面。作为现场使用检测器中的接口，它们可能优于抗体，因为它们价格低廉、特异性强、结合力强、耐高温和环境压力。可以开发用于检测和监测众多威胁因子的噬菌体衍生分析平台，因为可以很容易地从景观噬菌体库中选择针对任何细菌、病毒或毒素的噬菌体界面。作为现场使用检测器中的接口，它们可能优于抗体，因为它们价格低廉、特异性强、结合力强、耐高温和环境压力。可以开发用于检测和监测众多威胁因子的噬菌体衍生分析平台，因为可以很容易地从景观噬菌体库中选择针对任何细菌、病毒或毒素的噬菌体界面。作为现场使用检测器中的接口，它们可能优于抗体，因为它们价格低廉、特异性强、结合力强、耐高温和环境压力。