HIV vaccine research is at a crossroads carefully contemplating on the next path. The unexpected results of the Merck vaccine trial, while providing a stunning blow to a field in dire need of a protective vaccine, has also raised several fundamental questions regarding the candidate immunogen itself, preexisting immunity to vaccine vectors, surrogate assays and animal models used for assessing preclinical protective responses, as well as relevant endpoints to be measured in a clinical trial. As a result, the research community is faced with the daunting task of identifying novel vaccine concepts and products to continue the search. This review highlights and addresses some of the scientific and practical concerns.

中文翻译：

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艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫苗：需要新概念吗？

HIV疫苗的研究正处于十字路口，正在仔细考虑下一步的发展。默克疫苗试验的出乎意料的结果，在为急需保护性疫苗的领域提供了惊人的打击的同时，也提出了有关候选免疫原本身，对疫苗载体的预先存在的免疫力，替代检测和用于动物模型的几个基本问​​题。评估临床前保护性反应，以及在临床试验中要测量的相关终点。结果，研究界面临着艰巨的任务，即确定新颖的疫苗概念和产品以继续进行搜索。这篇综述重点介绍并解决了一些科学和实践问题。