One of the formidable challenges in modern neuroscience is to identify the physical basis of long-term memory (LTM) storage−the engram. Cellular and molecular experiments have suggested that the engram for a particular behavioral task is encoded as changes in synaptic structure and function, yet distributed in an unknown fashion across an ill-defined neural circuit or network. Accumulating genetic and circuitry information has provided some clues toward resolving this engram puzzle.This review will focus on recent discoveries of genes and circuits involved in the formation of olfactory-associated LTM in Drosophila.

中文翻译：

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果蝇中与嗅觉相关的长期记忆的基因和电路。

现代神经科学面临的巨大挑战之一是确定长期记忆（LTM）存储的物理基础-枚举。细胞和分子实验表明，特定行为任务的字母被编码为突触结构和功能的变化，但以未知的方式分布在不确定的神经回路或网络中。积累遗传和电路信息为解决这一难题提供了一些线索。本文将重点介绍果蝇中与嗅觉相关的LTM形成所涉及的基因和电路的最新发现。