Plant development is characterized by a profound phenotypic plasticity that often involves redefining of the developmental fate and polarity of cells within differentiated tissues. The plant hormone auxin and its directional intercellular transport play a major role in these processes because they provide positional information and link cell polarity with tissue patterning. This plant-specific mechanism of transport-dependent auxin gradients depends on subcellular dynamics of auxin transport components, in particular on endocytic recycling and polar targeting. Recent insights into these cellular processes in plants have revealed important parallels to yeast and animal systems, including clathrin-dependent endocytosis, retromer function, and transcytosis, but have also emphasized unique features of plant cells such as diversity of polar targeting pathways; integration of environmental signals into subcellular trafficking; and the link between endocytosis, cell polarity, and cell fate specification. We review these advances and focus on the translation of the subcellular dynamics to the regulation of whole-plant development.

中文翻译：

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生长素依赖性植物发育中的极性靶向和内吞再循环。

植物发育的特点是具有深厚的表型可塑性，通常涉及重新定义分化组织内细胞的发育命运和极性。植物激素生长素及其定向的细胞间转运在这些过程中起着重要作用，因为它们提供了位置信息并将细胞极性与组织构图联系起来。依赖运输蛋白的生长素梯度的这种植物特异性机制取决于生长素运输组分的亚细胞动力学，特别是依赖于内吞再循环和极性靶向。对植物中这些细胞过程的最新见解揭示了与酵母和动物系统的重要相似之处，包括网格蛋白依赖性内吞作用，逆转录功能和转胞吞作用，但也强调了植物细胞的独特特征，例如极性靶向途径的多样性；将环境信号整合到亚细胞贩运中；以及内吞作用，细胞极性和细胞命运指标之间的联系。我们回顾了这些进展，并专注于亚细胞动力学向全植物发育调控的转化。