HIV infection of macrophages is a critically important component of viral pathogenesis and progression to AIDS. Although the virus follows the same life cycle in macrophages and T lymphocytes, several aspects of the virus-host relationship are unique to macrophage infection. Examples of these are the long-term persistence of productive infection, sustained by the absence of cell death, and the ability of progeny virus to bud into and accumulate in endocytic compartments designated multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Recently, the hypothesis that viral exploitation of the macrophage endocytic machinery is responsible for perpetuating the chronic state of infection unique to this cell type has been challenged in several independent studies employing a variety of experimental strategies. This review examines the evidence supporting and refuting the canonical hypothesis and highlights recently identified cellular factors that may contribute to the unique aspects of the HIV-macrophage interaction.

中文翻译：

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HIV-1巨噬细胞感染的细胞生物学。

HIV感染巨噬细胞是病毒发病机理和发展为AIDS的至关重要的组成部分。尽管病毒在巨噬细胞和T淋巴细胞中遵循相同的生命周期，但病毒与宿主之间的某些关系对于巨噬细胞感染是独特的。这些例子是生产性感染的长期持续存在，由于没有细胞死亡而持续存在，子代病毒萌发并积累在称为多囊泡体（MVB）的内吞区室中的能力。最近，在采用各种实验策略的几项独立研究中，对巨噬细胞内吞机制的病毒利用导致了这种细胞类型所特有的慢性感染状态持续存在的假设提出了质疑。