Effects of dietary contamination with various levels of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) were investigated on Ross 308 hybrid broilers of both sexes. After hatching, all chickens were fed an identical control diet for two weeks. Then chickens of Group 1 received a diet contaminated with DON and ZEA, both being 3.4 mg · kg−1, while Group 2 received DON and ZEA at 8.2 and 8.3 mg · kg−1, respectively. The diet of the control group contained background levels of mycotoxins. Samples of blood and tissues were collected after two weeks. Intake of both contaminated diets resulted in a significantly decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue, while in kidneys the concentration of MDA was significantly increased only in Group 1. On the other hand, activities of blood GPx and plasma γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were elevated in Group 2 only. Activities of thioredoxin reductase in liver and GPx in duodenal mucosa tissues, superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes as well as levels of MDA in duodenal mucosa and α-tocopherol in plasma were not affected by dietary mycotoxins. Blood phagocytic activity was significantly depressed in Group 1 and 2. These results demonstrate that diets contaminated with DON and ZEA at medium levels are already able to induce oxidative stress and compromise the blood phagocytic activity in fattening chickens.

中文翻译：

---

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮对肉鸡氧化应激和血液吞噬活性的影响

研究了日粮中不同水平的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 (DON) 和玉米赤霉烯酮 (ZEA) 对罗斯 308 两性杂交肉鸡的影响。孵化后，所有鸡都喂食相同的对照饮食两周。然后第 1 组的鸡接受了被 DON 和 ZEA 污染的饮食，两者均为 3.4 mg·kg-1，而第 2 组分别接受了 8.2 和 8.3 mg·kg-1 的 DON 和 ZEA。对照组的饮食含有背景水平的霉菌毒素。两周后收集血液和组织样本。摄入两种受污染的饮食导致肝组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx) 活性显着降低和丙二醛 (MDA) 水平升高，而在肾脏中，MDA 浓度仅在第 1 组显着增加。另一方面，血液 GPx 和血浆 γ-谷氨酰转移酶 (GGT) 的活性仅在第 2 组中升高。肝脏中硫氧还蛋白还原酶的活性和十二指肠粘膜组织中的 GPx、红细胞中的超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 以及十二指肠粘膜中的 MDA 和血浆中的 α-生育酚水平不受膳食真菌毒素的影响。第 1 组和第 2 组的血液吞噬活性显着降低。这些结果表明，被中等水平 DON 和 ZEA 污染的日粮已经能够诱导氧化应激并损害育肥鸡的血液吞噬活性。红细胞中的超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 以及十二指肠粘膜中的 MDA 和血浆中的 α-生育酚水平不受膳食真菌毒素的影响。第 1 组和第 2 组的血液吞噬活性显着降低。这些结果表明，被中等水平 DON 和 ZEA 污染的日粮已经能够诱导氧化应激并损害育肥鸡的血液吞噬活性。红细胞中的超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 以及十二指肠粘膜中的 MDA 和血浆中的 α-生育酚水平不受膳食真菌毒素的影响。第 1 组和第 2 组的血液吞噬活性显着降低。这些结果表明，被中等水平 DON 和 ZEA 污染的日粮已经能够诱导氧化应激并损害育肥鸡的血液吞噬活性。