Many bacterial cellular processes interact intimately with the chromosome. Such interplay is the major driving force of genome structure or organization. Interactions take place at different scales-local for gene expression, global for replication-and lead to the differentiation of the chromosome into organizational units such as operons, replichores, or macrodomains. These processes are intermingled in the cell and create complex higher-level organizational features that are adaptive because they favor the interplay between the processes. The surprising result of selection for genome organization is that gene repertoires change much more quickly than chromosomal structure. Comparative genomics and experimental genomic manipulations are untangling the different cellular and evolutionary mechanisms causing such resilience to change. Since organization results from cellular processes, a better understanding of chromosome organization will help unravel the underlying cellular processes and their diversity.

中文翻译：

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细菌基因组的组织。

许多细菌细胞过程与染色体紧密相互作用。这种相互作用是基因组结构或组织的主要驱动力。相互作用发生在不同的尺度上，局部是基因表达，整体是复制，导致染色体分化为组织单位，例如操纵子，复制子或大域。这些过程混合在单元中，并创建自适应的复杂高级组织功能，因为它们有利于过程之间的相互作用。选择基因组组织的令人惊讶的结果是，基因组的变化比染色体结构快得多。比较基因组学和实验性基因组操作正在弄乱引起这种弹性改变的不同细胞和进化机制。