Children with specific language impairment (SLI) have a significant and longstanding deficit in spoken language ability that adversely affects their social and academic well‐being. Studies of children with SLI in a wide variety of languages reveal diverse symptoms, most of which seem to reflect weaknesses in grammatical computation and phonological short‐term memory. The symptoms of the disorder are sensitive to the type of language being acquired, with extraordinary weaknesses seen in those areas of language that are relatively challenging for younger typically developing children. Although these children's deficits warrant clinical and educational attention, their weaknesses might reflect the extreme end of a language aptitude continuum rather than a distinct, separable condition.

中文翻译：

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跨语言的特定语言障碍。

患有特定语言障碍 (SLI) 的儿童在口语能力方面存在严重且长期的缺陷，这对他们的社交和学业健康产生不利影响。对多种语言的 SLI 儿童的研究揭示了不同的症状，其中大部分似乎反映了语法计算和语音短期记忆的弱点。这种障碍的症状对所获得的语言类型很敏感，在那些对年龄较小的典型发育儿童来说相对具有挑战性的语言领域中可以看到明显的弱点。尽管这些儿童的缺陷值得临床和教育关注，但他们的弱点可能反映了语言能力连续体的极端情况，而不是一种独特的、可分离的状况。