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Engineering protein self-assembling in protein-based nanomedicines for drug delivery and gene therapy.
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology ( IF 9 ) Pub Date : 2015-06-22 , DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2013.833163
Neus Ferrer-Miralles 1 , Escarlata Rodríguez-Carmona , José Luis Corchero , Elena García-Fruitós , Esther Vázquez , Antonio Villaverde
Affiliation  

Lack of targeting and improper biodistribution are major flaws in current drug-based therapies that prevent reaching high local concentrations of the therapeutic agent. Such weaknesses impose the administration of high drug doses, resulting in undesired side effects, limited efficacy and enhanced production costs. Currently, missing nanosized containers, functionalized for specific cell targeting will be then highly convenient for the controlled delivery of both conventional and innovative drugs. In an attempt to fill this gap, health-focused nanotechnologies have put under screening a growing spectrum of materials as potential components of nanocages, whose properties can be tuned during fabrication. However, most of these materials pose severe biocompatibility concerns. We review in this study how proteins, the most versatile functional macromolecules, can be conveniently exploited and adapted by conventional genetic engineering as efficient building blocks of fully compatible nanoparticles for drug delivery and how selected biological activities can be recruited to mimic viral behavior during infection. Although engineering of protein self-assembling is still excluded from fully rational approaches, the exploitation of protein nano-assemblies occurring in nature and the direct manipulation of protein–protein contacts in bioinspired constructs open intriguing possibilities for further development. These methodologies empower the construction of new and potent vehicles that offer promise as true artificial viruses for efficient and safe nanomedical applications.



中文翻译:

在基于蛋白质的纳米药物中工程化蛋白质自组装,以进行药物递送和基因治疗。

缺乏靶向性和不适当的生物分布是当前基于药物的疗法的主要缺陷,其阻止达到高局部治疗剂浓度。这些弱点强加了高剂量的药物,导致了不良的副作用,有限的功效和增加的生产成本。目前,缺少的可用于特定细胞靶向功能的纳米级容器将非常方便地用于常规药物和创新药物的受控递送。为了填补这一空白,以健康为中心的纳米技术已经筛选出越来越多的材料作为纳米笼的潜在成分,可以在制造过程中调整其性能。然而,大多数这些材料引起严重的生物相容性问题。我们在这项研究中回顾了蛋白质,最通用的功能性大分子可以通过常规基因工程方便地开发和改造,作为完全相容的纳米颗粒用于药物输送的有效组成部分,以及如何招募选定的生物活性来模拟感染期间的病毒行为。尽管蛋白质自组装工程仍未从完全合理的方法中排除,但自然界中蛋白质纳米组装的开发以及生物启发性构建物中蛋白质与蛋白质接触的直接操纵为进一步开发提供了诱人的可能性。这些方法使新的和有效的载体的构建成为可能,这些载体有望作为真正的人工病毒用于高效和安全的纳米医学应用。可以通过常规基因工程方便地开发和改编为完全兼容的纳米颗粒的有效结构单元,以进行药物输送,以及如何在感染过程中募集所选的生物活性来模拟病毒行为。尽管蛋白质自组装工程仍未从完全合理的方法中排除,但自然界中蛋白质纳米组装的开发以及生物启发性构建物中蛋白质与蛋白质接触的直接操纵为进一步开发提供了诱人的可能性。这些方法使新的和有效的载体的构建成为可能,这些载体有望作为真正的人工病毒用于高效和安全的纳米医学应用。可以通过常规基因工程方便地开发和改编为完全兼容的纳米颗粒的有效结构单元,以进行药物输送,以及如何在感染过程中募集所选的生物活性来模拟病毒行为。尽管蛋白质自组装工程仍未从完全合理的方法中排除,但自然界中蛋白质纳米组装的开发以及生物启发性构建物中蛋白质与蛋白质接触的直接操纵为进一步开发提供了诱人的可能性。这些方法使新的和有效的载体的构建成为可能,这些载体有望作为真正的人工病毒用于高效和安全的纳米医学应用。

更新日期:2015-06-22
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