The female flowers of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) are used as a flavoring agent in the brewing industry. There is growing interest in possible health benefits of hops, particularly as estrogenic and chemopreventive agents. Among the possible active constituents, most of the attention has focused on prenylated flavonoids, which can chemically be classified as prenylated chalcones and prenylated flavanones. Among chalcones, xanthohumol (XN) and desmethylxanthohumol (DMX) have been the most studied, while among flavanones, 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) and 6-prenylnaringenin (6-PN) have received the most attention. Because of the interest in medicinal properties of prenylated flavonoids, there is demand for accurate, reproducible and sensitive analytical methods to quantify these compounds in various matrices. Such methods are needed, for example, for quality control and standardization of hop extracts, measurement of the content of prenylated flavonoids in beer, and to determine pharmacokinetic properties of prenylated flavonoids in animals and humans. This review summarizes currently available analytical methods for quantitative analysis of the major prenylated flavonoids, with an emphasis on the LC-MS and LC-MS-MS methods and their recent applications to biomedical research on hops. This review covers all methods in which prenylated flavonoids have been measured, either as the primary analytes or as a part of a larger group of analytes. The review also discusses methodological issues relating to the quantitative analysis of these compounds regardless of the chosen analytical approach.

中文翻译：

---

啤酒花中异戊二烯化黄酮类化合物的定量分析方法。


啤酒花（Humulus lupulus L.）的雌花在酿造工业中用作调味剂。人们对啤酒花可能带来的健康益处越来越感兴趣，特别是作为雌激素和化学预防剂。在可能的活性成分中，大多数注意力集中在异戊二烯化黄酮类化合物上，其在化学上可分为异戊二烯化查尔酮和异戊二烯化黄烷酮。在查耳酮中，黄腐酚（XN）和去甲基黄腐酚（DMX）研究最多，而在黄烷酮中，8-异戊二烯柚皮素（8-PN）和6-异戊烯基柚皮素（6-PN）受到最多关注。由于人们对异戊二烯化类黄酮的药用特性感兴趣，因此需要准确、可重复且灵敏的分析方法来量化各种基质中的这些化合物。例如，啤酒花提取物的质量控制和标准化、啤酒中异戊二烯化类黄酮含量的测量以及确定动物和人类中异戊二烯化类黄酮的药代动力学特性都需要此类方法。本综述总结了目前用于主要异戊二烯化黄酮类化合物定量分析的分析方法，重点介绍了 LC-MS 和 LC-MS-MS 方法及其最近在啤酒花生物医学研究中的应用。本综述涵盖了测量异戊二烯化黄酮类化合物的所有方法，无论是作为主要分析物还是作为较大分析物组的一部分。该综述还讨论了与这些化合物的定量分析相关的方法学问题，无论选择何种分析方法。