Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory disorder of the skin characterized by an impaired immune response. Several effector T cell subsets, such as pro-inflammatory cells like Th9, Th17 and Th22 cells, expressing high levels of IL-9, IL-17 and IL-22, together with the anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulating Treg cells constitutively producing IL-10, seem to play a role in this condition. IL-9 and IL-9 receptors are significantly increased in lesional AD skin compared to normal control skin. In addition, some polymorphisms in IL-9 and IL-9r genes have been associated with AD. The role of IL-17 and IL-17-producing T cells remains under debate and conflicting data are available. IL-22-producing T-cells seem to correlate with the severity of the AD. The number and function of Treg cells, producing IL-10, have been widely investigated in AD with conflicting results. Other studies suggest that high levels of IL-31 or low levels of IL-21 might be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. This review was undertaken in order to provide a better understanding of the relevance of certain cytokines in AD. We have analysed the new insight into the pathogenesis of AD, with special attention to those cytokines produced by the different T cell subpopulations.

中文翻译：

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特应性皮炎中的细胞因子和T细胞。

特应性皮炎（AD）是一种以免疫反应受损为特征的皮肤炎症性疾病。几种效应T细胞亚群，例如表达高水平的IL-9，IL-17和IL-22的促炎细胞，如Th9，Th17和Th22细胞，以及组成型产生抗炎，免疫调节的Treg细胞IL-10似乎在这种情况下起作用。与正常对照皮肤相比，病灶性AD皮肤中IL-9和IL-9受体显着增加。另外，IL-9和IL-9r基因中的一些多态性已经与AD相关。IL-17和产生IL-17的T细胞的作用仍在争论中，并且存在相互矛盾的数据。产生IL-22的T细胞似乎与AD的严重程度相关。产生IL-10的Treg细胞的数量和功能 已经在AD中进行了广泛调查，结果相矛盾。其他研究表明，高水平的IL-31或低水平的IL-21可能与AD的发病有关。进行该综述是为了更好地理解AD中某些细胞因子的相关性。我们已经分析了AD发病机理的新见解，特别注意了不同T细胞亚群产生的那些细胞因子。