We describe a simple framework for teaching the principles that underlie the dynamical laws of transport: Fick's law of diffusion, Fourier's law of heat flow, the Newtonian viscosity law, and the mass-action laws of chemical kinetics. In analogy with the way that the maximization of entropy over microstates leads to the Boltzmann distribution and predictions about equilibria, maximizing a quantity that E. T. Jaynes called "caliber" over all the possible microtrajectories leads to these dynamical laws. The principle of maximum caliber also leads to dynamical distribution functions that characterize the relative probabilities of different microtrajectories. A great source of recent interest in statistical dynamics has resulted from a new generation of single-particle and single-molecule experiments that make it possible to observe dynamics one trajectory at a time.

中文翻译：

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教授统计动力学原理

我们描述了一个简单的框架，用于教授作为传输动力学定律基础的原理：菲克扩散定律、傅立叶热流定律、牛顿粘度定律和化学动力学质量作用定律。与微观状态上的熵最大化导致玻尔兹曼分布和关于平衡的预测的方式类似，在所有可能的微轨迹上最大化一个被 ET Jaynes 称为“口径”的数量导致这些动力学定律。最大口径原理也导致了动态分布函数，它表征了不同微轨迹的相对概率。