It can be argued that adolescents’ decision making is biased more by motivational factors than by cognitively driven calculations of outcome probabilities. Brain‐based models, derived from structural and functional neuroimaging perspectives to account for this bias, have focused on purported differences in rates of development of motivational and regulatory‐control systems. This article proposes a neurochemically based framework for understanding adolescents’ behavioral biases and suggests that there should be an increased focus on the dopaminergic substrates of incentive motivation, which increases into adolescence and decreases thereafter. The article also discusses the manner in which this increase interacts with executive control systems in affecting self‐regulation.

中文翻译：

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激励动机、认知控制和青少年大脑：是时候转变范式了吗？

可以说，青少年的决策更多地受到动机因素的影响，而不是结果概率的认知驱动计算。从结构和功能神经影像学角度衍生出的基于大脑的模型来解释这种偏见，重点关注动机和调节控制系统发展速度的所谓差异。这篇文章提出了一个基于神经化学的框架来理解青少年的行为偏见，并建议应该更多地关注激励动机的多巴胺能底物，这种底物在青春期会增加，然后会减少。本文还讨论了这种增加与执行控制系统在影响自我调节方面相互作用的方式。