It can be argued that adolescents’ decision making is biased more by motivational factors than by cognitively driven calculations of outcome probabilities. Brain‐based models, derived from structural and functional neuroimaging perspectives to account for this bias, have focused on purported differences in rates of development of motivational and regulatory‐control systems. This article proposes a neurochemically based framework for understanding adolescents’ behavioral biases and suggests that there should be an increased focus on the dopaminergic substrates of incentive motivation, which increases into adolescence and decreases thereafter. The article also discusses the manner in which this increase interacts with executive control systems in affecting self‐regulation.

中文翻译：

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激励动机、认知控制和青少年大脑：是时候进行范式转变了吗？


可以说，青少年的决策更多地受到动机因素的影响，而不是认知驱动的结果概率计算的影响。基于大脑的模型从结构和功能神经影像学的角度衍生出来，以解释这种偏差，重点关注动机和调节控制系统发展速度的所谓差异。本文提出了一个基于神经化学的框架来理解青少年的行为偏差，并建议应该更加关注激励动机的多巴胺能基质，这种基质在青春期增加，此后减少。本文还讨论了这种增加与执行控制系统相互作用影响自我调节的方式。