The reproductive ability of female tephritids can be limited and prevented by denying access to host plants and restricting the dietary precursors of vitellogenesis. The mechanisms underlying the delayed egg production in each case are initiated by different physiological processes that are anticipated to have dissimilar effects on lifespan and reproductive ability later in life. The egg‐laying abilities of laboratory‐reared females of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata Wiedmann) and melon fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett) from Hawaii are delayed or suppressed by limiting access to host fruits and dietary protein. In each case, this is expected to prevent the loss of lifespan associated with reproduction until protein or hosts are introduced. Two trends are observed in each species: first, access to protein at eclosion leads to a greater probability of survival and a higher reproductive ability than if it is delayed and, second, delayed host access reduces lifetime reproductive ability without improving life expectancy. When host access and protein availability are delayed, the rate of reproductive senescence is reduced in the medfly, whereas the rate of reproductive senescence is generally increased in the melon fly. Overall, delaying reproduction lowers the fitness of females by constraining their fecundity for the remainder of the lifespan without extending the lifespan. © 2013 The Royal Entomological Society

中文翻译：

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饮食和寄主获取对两种生活史模式不同的果蝇繁殖力和寿命的影响

通过拒绝进入宿主植物和限制卵黄生成的饮食前体，可以限制和预防雌性 tephritids 的繁殖能力。在每种情况下，产蛋延迟的机制是由不同的生理过程引发的，这些生理过程预计会对生命后期的寿命和繁殖能力产生不同的影响。实验室饲养的地中海果蝇 (Ceratitis capitalta Wiedmann) 和夏威夷瓜果蝇 (Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett) 的产卵能力因限制获取寄主水果和膳食蛋白质而延迟或抑制。在每种情况下，这都有望防止与繁殖相关的寿命损失，直到引入蛋白质或宿主。在每个物种中观察到两个趋势：第一，在羽化时获得蛋白质比延迟获得更高的存活概率和更高的繁殖能力，其次，延迟获得宿主会降低终生繁殖能力，而不会提高预期寿命。当宿主进入和蛋白质可用性延迟时，地中海果蝇的生殖衰老率会降低，而瓜蝇的生殖衰老率通常会增加。总体而言，延迟繁殖会通过在不延长寿命的情况下限制雌性在剩余寿命内的繁殖力而降低其适应性。© 2013 皇家昆虫学会 当宿主进入和蛋白质可用性延迟时，地中海果蝇的生殖衰老率会降低，而瓜蝇的生殖衰老率通常会增加。总体而言，延迟繁殖会通过在不延长寿命的情况下限制雌性在剩余寿命内的繁殖力而降低其适应性。© 2013 皇家昆虫学会 当宿主进入和蛋白质可用性延迟时，地中海果蝇的生殖衰老率会降低，而瓜蝇的生殖衰老率通常会增加。总体而言，延迟繁殖会通过在不延长寿命的情况下限制雌性在剩余寿命内的繁殖力而降低其适应性。© 2013 皇家昆虫学会