Understanding the role of the diet in determining human health and disease is one major objective of modern nutrition. Mammalian biocomplexity necessitates the incorporation of systems biology technologies into contemporary nutritional research. Metabonomics is a powerful approach that simultaneously measures the low-molecular-weight compounds in a biological sample, enabling the metabolic status of a biological system to be characterized. Such biochemical profiles contain latent information relating to inherent parameters, such as the genotype, and environmental factors, including the diet and gut microbiota. Nutritional metabonomics, or nutrimetabonomics, is being increasingly applied to study molecular interactions between the diet and the global metabolic system. This review discusses three primary areas in which nutrimetabonomics has enjoyed successful application in nutritional research: the illumination of molecular relationships between nutrition and biochemical processes; elucidation of biomarker signatures of food components for use in dietary surveillance; and the study of complex trans-genomic interactions between the mammalian host and its resident gut microbiome. Finally, this review illustrates the potential for nutrimetabonomics in nutritional science as an indispensable tool to achieve personalized nutrition.

中文翻译：

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营养代谢组学：营养科学的应用程序，特别涉及肠道微生物的相互作用。

了解饮食在决定人类健康和疾病中的作用是现代营养的主要目标之一。哺乳动物的生物复杂性使得必须将系统生物学技术纳入当代营养研究中。代谢组学是一种强大的方法，可同时测量生物样品中的低分子量化合物，从而能够表征生物系统的代谢状态。此类生化特征包含与固有参数（例如基因型）和环境因素（包括饮食和肠道菌群）有关的潜在信息。营养代谢组学或营养代谢组学被越来越多地用于研究饮食与全球代谢系统之间的分子相互作用。这篇综述讨论了营养代谢组学在营养研究中成功应用的三个主要领域：阐明营养与生化过程之间的分子关系；阐明用于饮食监测的食品成分的生物标志物签名；以及哺乳动物宿主与其肠道内微生物组之间复杂的跨基因组相互作用的研究。最后，本综述说明了营养科学中的营养代谢组学作为实现个性化营养必不可少的工具的潜力。以及哺乳动物宿主与其肠道内微生物组之间复杂的跨基因组相互作用的研究。最后，本综述说明了营养科学中的营养代谢组学作为实现个性化营养必不可少的工具的潜力。以及哺乳动物宿主与其肠道内微生物组之间复杂的跨基因组相互作用的研究。最后，本综述说明了营养科学中的营养代谢组学作为实现个性化营养必不可少的工具的潜力。