Aflatoxins are among the principal mycotoxins that contaminate economically important food and feed crops. Aflatoxin B1 is the most potent naturally occurring carcinogen known and is also an immunosuppressant. Occurrence of aflatoxins in crops has vast economic and human health impacts worldwide. Thus, the study of aflatoxin biosynthesis has become a focal point in attempts to reduce human exposure to aflatoxins. This review highlights recent advances in the field of aflatoxin biosynthesis and explores the functional connection between aflatoxin biosynthesis, endomembrane trafficking, and response to oxidative stress. Dissection of the regulatory mechanisms involves a complete comprehension of the aflatoxin biosynthetic process and the dynamic network of transcription factors that orchestrates coordinated expression of the target genes. Despite advancements in the field, development of a safe and effective multifaceted approach to solve the aflatoxin food contamination problem is still required.

中文翻译：

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黄曲霉毒素的生物合成：当前的前沿。

黄曲霉毒素是主要的霉菌毒素，会污染具有经济意义的粮食和饲料作物。黄曲霉毒素B1是已知的最有效的天然致癌物，也是一种免疫抑制剂。作物中黄曲霉毒素的存在对全世界的经济和人类健康都有巨大影响。因此，黄曲霉毒素生物合成的研究已成为试图减少人类暴露于黄曲霉毒素的焦点。这篇综述着重介绍了黄曲霉毒素生物合成领域的最新进展，并探讨了黄曲霉毒素生物合成，内膜运输和对氧化应激反应之间的功能联系。解剖调控机制涉及对黄曲霉毒素生物合成过程和协调靶基因协调表达的转录因子动态网络的全面理解。