From measurements of the surface tension, density, viscosity and light scattering of aqueous solutions of methanol, ethanol and propanol at 293 K, their activity in the surface monolayer, surface excess concentration, and apparent and partial molar volume were determined. The surface excess concentration of alcohols at the water–air interface was determined from the Gibbs equation by using both the alcohol's activity and their molar fraction in the bulk phase and recalculated by using the Guggenheim–Adam equation. The values of the surface excess concentration determined from the Gibbs equation were also applied to determine the standard Gibbs energy of alcohol adsorption at the water–air interface from Langmuir’s equation and compared to those determined from that of Aronson and Rosen.

中文翻译：

---

293 K 时水溶液-空气系统中短链醇的体积和表面特性

通过对甲醇、乙醇和丙醇水溶液在 293 K 下的表面张力、密度、粘度和光散射的测量，确定了它们在表面单层中的活性、表面过量浓度以及表观和偏摩尔体积。水-空气界面处醇的表面过量浓度通过使用醇的活性及其在体相中的摩尔分数由吉布斯方程确定，并使用古根海姆-亚当方程重新计算。从 Gibbs 方程确定的表面过量浓度值也用于确定 Langmuir 方程在水-空气界面处的酒精吸附标准 Gibbs 能量，并与从 Aronson 和 Rosen 方程确定的值进行比较。