Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in social functioning and language and communication, with restricted interests or stereotyped behaviors. Anatomical differences have been found in the parietal cortex in children with ASD, but parietal subregions and associations between Sylvian fissure (SF) and parietal anatomy have not been explored. In this study, SF length and anterior and posterior parietal volumes were measured on MRI in 30 right-handed boys with ASD and 30 right-handed typically developing boys (7–14 years), matched on age and non-verbal IQ. There was leftward SF and anterior parietal asymmetry, and rightward posterior parietal asymmetry, across groups. There were associations between SF and parietal asymmetries, with slight group differences. Typical SF asymmetry was associated with typical anterior and posterior parietal asymmetry, in both groups. In the atypical SF asymmetry group, controls had atypical parietal asymmetry, whereas in ASD there were more equal numbers of individuals with typical as atypical anterior parietal asymmetry. We did not find significant anatomical-behavioral associations. Our findings of more individuals in the ASD group having a dissociation between cortical asymmetries warrants further investigation of these subgroups and emphasizes the importance of investigating anatomical relationships in addition to group differences in individual regions.

中文翻译：

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自闭症谱系障碍儿童的侧裂和顶叶解剖。

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特征是社交功能、语言和交流方面的缺陷，以及兴趣受限或刻板行为。在 ASD 儿童的顶叶皮层中发现了解剖学差异，但尚未探索侧裂 (SF) 和顶叶解剖结构之间的顶叶亚区和关联。在这项研究中，在 MRI 上测量了 30 名患有 ASD 的右利手男孩和 30 名正常发育的右利手男孩（7-14 岁）的 SF 长度和前后顶骨体积，这些男孩的年龄和非语言智商相匹配。各组之间存在向左的 SF 和前顶叶不对称，以及向右后的顶叶不对称。SF 和顶叶不对称之间存在关联，组间差异很小。在两组中，典型的 SF 不对称与典型的前顶叶和后顶叶不对称相关。在非典型 SF 不对称组中，对照组具有非典型顶叶不对称，而在 ASD 中，具有与非典型前顶叶不对称相同的典型个体数量更多。我们没有发现显着的解剖行为关联。我们发现 ASD 组中有更多个体在皮层不对称之间存在分离，因此需要对这些亚组进行进一步调查，并强调除了个体区域的组差异外，调查解剖关系的重要性。而在 ASD 中，具有典型和非典型前顶叶不对称的个体数量更多。我们没有发现显着的解剖行为关联。我们发现 ASD 组中有更多个体在皮层不对称之间存在分离，因此需要对这些亚组进行进一步调查，并强调除了个体区域的组差异外，调查解剖关系的重要性。而在 ASD 中，具有典型和非典型前顶叶不对称的个体数量更多。我们没有发现显着的解剖行为关联。我们发现 ASD 组中有更多个体在皮层不对称之间存在分离，因此需要对这些亚组进行进一步调查，并强调除了个体区域的组差异外，调查解剖关系的重要性。