We report on new developments in the quantum picture of correlated electron transport in charge and spin density waves. The model treats the condensate as a quantum fluid in which charge soliton domain wall pairs nucleate above a Coulomb blockade threshold field. We employ a time-correlated soliton tunneling model, analogous to the theory of time-correlated single electron tunneling, to interpret the voltage oscillations and nonlinear current-voltage characteristics above threshold. An inverse scaling relationship between threshold field and dielectric response, originally proposed by Grüner, emerges naturally from the model. Flat dielectric and other ac responses below threshold in NbSe(3) and TaS(3), as well as small density wave phase displacements, indicate that the measured threshold is often much smaller than the classical depinning field. In some materials, the existence of two distinct threshold fields suggests that both soliton nucleation and classical depinning may occur. In our model, the ratio of electrostatic charging to pinning energy helps determine whether soliton nucleation or classical depinning dominates.

中文翻译：

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密度波传输的量子机制。

我们报告了电荷和自旋密度波中相关电子传输的量子图像的新进展。该模型将凝聚物视为一种量子流体，其中电荷孤子畴壁对在库仑阻塞阈值场以上成核。我们采用时间相关孤子隧穿模型，类似于时间相关单电子隧穿理论，来解释阈值以上的电压振荡和非线性电流-电压特性。最初由 Grüner 提出的阈值场和介电响应之间的逆标度关系从模型中自然出现。NbSe(3) 和 TaS(3) 中的平面电介质和其他交流响应低于阈值，以及小密度波相位移，表明测量的阈值通常比经典脱钉场小得多。在某些材料中，两个不同阈值场的存在表明孤子成核和经典脱钉都可能发生。在我们的模型中，静电荷与钉扎能的比率有助于确定孤子成核还是经典脱钉占主导地位。