Kievit et al.'s target paper exemplifies a trend in recent years in psychology and neuroscience to focus on internal mental and neural processes without integrating actual behavior. We discuss the theoretical status of behavior in the context of their model, and present an extension of the model that explicitly includes behavior. Several theoretical and methodological issues relevant to integrating behavior into the model are considered, particularly the distinction between behavior as measured in the laboratory along with neural and psychological processes (proximal behavior) and behavior as measured in situ as part of ongoing daily experience (distal behavior). We conclude by describing several studies that integrate neural, psychological, and behavioral indicators and discuss how these kinds of studies can facilitate a better understanding of behavior and contribute to theory development.

中文翻译：

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黑匣子之外是什么？：神经科学研究中行为结果的现状

Kievit 等人的目标论文体现了近年来心理学和​​神经科学的趋势，即关注内部心理和神经过程而不整合实际行为。我们在他们的模型背景下讨论了行为的理论状态，并提出了明确包含行为的模型扩展。考虑了与将行为整合到模型中的几个理论和方法论问题，特别是在实验室中测量的行为以及神经和心理过程（近端行为）与作为持续日常经验的一部分原位测量的行为（远端行为）之间的区别）。我们最后描述了几项整合神经、心理、